李承鹏批评中国盛产“敏感瓷(词)” 800万粉丝微博即被封

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文/ 陈善恩     编辑/方钰钧

近日,内地著名作家兼微博大V(即经认证的知名评论人士)李承鹏在微博的账号遭封锁,疑与他日前在北大演讲时呼唤言论自由、抨击时政有关。中共不怕得罪拥有800万粉丝,封锁李的微博,可见中共打击网络言论的手段,只会有增无减。

中国人正失却说话的能力
上周一(7日),以敢言著称的李承鹏,微博纷丝达800万,被指是“激进自由派”,向来在微博评论时政,特别重言论自由。以往他亦多次被“短期禁言”,不得在微博发帖,这次却是第一次被封锁账号。事缘早前李承鹏到北大演讲,题为《说话》。他指《说话》是动物的本能,但现在大家都违背了人类的本能,批评中国人“正在失却说话的能力”。演讲中,他讽刺现今的中国是个瓷器大国,盛产“敏感瓷(词)”,如民主、自由、政改等词都被禁。中国人唯有“发明”一些新词,好像河蟹、斯巴达。李承鹏叹息这并不是文字的创新,是言论的退步。

他指问题出现在权力体系,暗示中共觉得“民众没有言论的权利”,自己反而拥有“惩罚言论的权力”。这是“傲慢”和“自闭”的表现。他以美国《反煽动叛乱法案》的例子说明限制言论自由是破坏国民的创造力,只会使国家吃亏。李承鹏表示,自己只是追求应得的权利——说话和写作的权利,“言论自由既是民主的第一个要求,又是它最后一道防线”。

正因李承鹏用字直接,“踩到中央底线”,其微博账号马上遭封锁。一向与李对立的中共官媒《环球时报》总编辑胡锡进则发表评论文章,斥责他“语言激烈、尖刻,差不多篇篇‘骂政府’”,更指“激进自由派必需有底线意识”,不能滥用话语权,“严重违宪的言论不可能在中国畅行无阻”,明显是对李承鹏及其他“激进自由派”人士作出警告。

微博正逐渐褪色
在中国这个限制民众言论的社会,微博相对是个限制不大的平台,让博客能够发表个人意见。但众所周知,每当有一些较“激进”的言论出现,当局便会马上删除帖子,实际上是严密监控民众的网络自由。李承鹏这次的演讲究竟有何地方是“严重违宪”?演讲中并没有提及“反共产党”等字眼,并不是特别“激进”,也只是抒发己见,但当局却封锁其微博账号,明显进一步打击网络自由,甚至有网民质疑中共手上有一份社会知名人士名单,会陆续封锁他们的微博账号。据《纽约时报中文网》报道,政府数据显示,今年微博用户人数比去年下降9%,不少人改用微信(WeChat),原因不免与中共收紧微博的言论自由有关。随着用户增加,相信中共亦会对微信作进一步监控,网络仅余的自由不再。

2012年,全国人大常委会通过《关于加强网络信息信护的决定》,其中第五条将“实名制”应用到所有互联网社交媒体,包括微博,要求用户必须使用真实身份注册账号。另外,网络服务提供者亦需将所有用户发布的信息保存6个月,并在公安或国家安全机关依法查询时提供技术性支援。透过条例,政府除了可清楚知道发布言论者的身份,亦随时可以查看他们的帖文,要限制评论人士的活动也就更加容易,李承鹏的事例正好说明这点。

当民众失去说话的能力,只懂逆来顺受,国家不受监察就只会退步。德国总理默克尔访华期间到北京清华大学演讲,也提及自由对话在中国的重要性。一个社会如果连网络的自由也容不下,要实现政治开放也就更难。若中共再次收紧网络自由,恐怕最终吃亏的是自己。

本文经授权转载自香港独立媒体

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